Information and Communication Technologies

In the last decade or so, we witness two major revolutions that have a significant effect on our lives: the urban revolution and the big data revolution. Since 2008, more than half of the world's population lives in cities, while in the western world this percentage is considerably higher (above 80% in most of the Americas and Europe). At the same time, new technologies allow collecting data from bottom up customers and consumers and disseminating it back, using advanced technologies.

In many networked systems there are large groups of similar nodes which are vulnerable to the same failure or adversary. For example, servers in a communication network running the same software will fail together, if this software has a bug. Therefore, we are often faced with networks where all nodes of a group can fail together. Further, many different vulnerabilities can cover the whole network. This structural weakness has so far been overlooked in studies of network robustness. Here we discuss how multiple redundant paths enable a high level of robustness.

We present the Wikipedia Ranking of World Universities (WRWU) produced from the analysis of the directed networks constituted by Wikipedia hyperlinked articles [1,2]. We used PageRank, CheiRank and 2DRank algorithms to rank the articles of 24 Wikipedia language editions (EN, SV, DE, NL, FR, RU, IT, ES, PL, VI, JA, PT, ZH, FA, AR, HU, KO, TR, MS, DA, HE, EL, HI, TH) representing about 60% of the total articles in Wikipedia extracted in 2013 and 2017.